Install Oracle in silent mode 12C Release 1 (12.1) on OEL7
This article presents how to install Oracle 12C(12.1) Release 1 on Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 (OEL7) in silent mode.
Read following article how to install Oracle Enterprise Linux 7: Install Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7) (for comfort set 4G memory for your virtual machine before proceeding with Oracle software installation).
Software
Software for 12CR1 is available on OTN or edelivery
- OTN: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit).
- edelivery: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit)
Database software
linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
OS configuration and preparation
OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.
su - root
The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>
For example.
127.0.0.1 oel7 oel7.dbaora.com localhost.localdomain localhost
Set hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname oel7.dbaora.com --static
Add groups
#groups for database management groupadd -g 54321 oinstall groupadd -g 54322 dba groupadd -g 54323 oper groupadd -g 54324 backupdba groupadd -g 54325 dgdba groupadd -g 54326 kmdba groupadd -g 54327 asmdba groupadd -g 54328 asmoper groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
Add user Oracle for database software
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle
Change password for user Oracle
passwd oracle
Packages
Check which packages are installed and which are missing
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libXi \
libXtst \
make \
sysstat
In my case it returns following
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-55.el7(x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7(x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7(x86_64) gcc-4.8.5-4.el7(x86_64) gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7(x86_64) glibc-2.17-106.0.1.el7_2.8(x86_64) glibc-devel-2.17-106.0.1.el7_2.8(x86_64) package ksh is not installed libaio-0.3.109-13.el7(x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7(x86_64) is not installed libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7(x86_64) libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7(x86_64) libXi-1.7.4-2.el7(x86_64) libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7(x86_64) make-3.82-21.el7(x86_64) sysstat-10.1.5-7.el7(x86_64)
You can install missing packages from dvd. Just mount it and install missing packages using rpm -Uvh command from directory <mount dvd>/Packages or by using yum install command.
NOTE – I’m using x86_64 version of packages
First option from dvd
rpm -Uvh libaio-devel*.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh ksh*.x86_64.rpm
Second option using yum install command. It requires access to internet.
yum install libaio-devel*.x86_64 yum install ksh*.x86_64
Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf
# kernel parameters for 12gR1 installation
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
kernel.panic_on_oops=1
Apply kernel parameters
/sbin/sysctl -p
Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf
# shell limits for users oracle 12gR1 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
If the system is running in PERMISSIVE or DISABLED mode, modify file /etc/selinux/config and set SELINUX to enforcing as shown below.
SELINUX=enforcing
The modification of the file takes effect after a reboot. To change immediately without a reboot, run the following command:
setenforce 1
Disable firewall
service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off
Additional steps
Add following lines in .bash_profile for user oracle
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'
umask 022
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -u 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
envo
Directory structure
Create directory structure as user root
ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01
In Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 /tmp data is stored on tmpfs which consumes memory and is too small. To revert it back to storage just run following command and REBOOT machine to be effective.
systemctl mask tmp.mount
Prepare database software for installation
su - oracle --unizp software it will create directory "database" --where you can find installation software unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip --I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make --administration easier :) [oracle@oel7 ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' --run alias command envo to display environment settings envo ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C ORACLE_SID=ORA12C ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 --run alias command cdob and cdoh --to check ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME [oracle@oel7 ~]$ cdob [oracle@oel7 oracle]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ cdoh [oracle@oel7 db_1]$ pwd /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
Response files
Once Oracle 12CR1 binaries are unzipped you can find in directory /home/oracle/database/response dedicated files called “response files” used for silent mode installations.
The response files store parameters necessary to install Oracle components:
- db_install.rsp – used to install oracle binaries, install/upgrade a database in silent mode
- dbca.rsp – used to install/configure/delete a database in silent mode
- netca.rsp – used to configure simple network for oracle database in silent mode
cd /home/oracle/database/response [oracle@oel7 response]$ ls dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
Install Oracle binaries
It’s the best to preserve original response file db_install.rsp before editing it
[oracle@oel7 response]$ cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bck
Edit file db_install.rsp to set parameters required to install binaries. This is just example and in next releases parameters can be different. Each of presented parameter is very well described in db_install.rsp. I just give here brief explanations.
-------------------------------------------- -- force to install only database software -------------------------------------------- oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY -------------------------------------------- -- set your hostname -------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com -------------------------------------------- -- set unix group for oracle inventory -------------------------------------------- UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall -------------------------------------------- -- set directory for oracle inventory -------------------------------------------- INVENTORY_LOCATION=/ora01/app/oraInventory -------------------------------------------- -- set oracle home for binaries -------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 -------------------------------------------- -- set oracle home for binaries -------------------------------------------- ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle -------------------------------------------- -- set version of binaries to install -- EE - enterprise edition -------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE -------------------------------------------- -- specify extra groups for database management -------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dgdba oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=kmdba
once edition is completed. Start binaries installation. Extra parameters where used to avoid problems with starting installation:
- DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
- SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
cd /home/oracle/database ./runInstaller -silent \ -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp \ DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \ SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
output is following
[oracle@oel7 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent \ > -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp \ > DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \ > SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 47410 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2016-10-07_04-14-20PM. Please wait ... [oracle@oel7 database]$ You can find the log of this install session at: /ora01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-10-07_04-14-20PM.log The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful. Please check '/ora01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2016-10-07_04-14-20PM.log' for more details. As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2. /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh Successfully Setup Software.
you are asked to run two scripts as user root. Once it’s done binaries are installed
[root@oel7 /]# /ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh
quick binary verification
[oracle@oel7 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Fri Oct 7 16:21:13 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL>
Configure Oracle Net
Again based on response file Oracle Net will be configured
cd /home/oracle/database/response cp netca.rsp netca.rsp.bck
You can edit netca.rsp to set own parameters. I didn’t changed anything here. So just start standard configuration. It will configure LISTENER with standard settings.
netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
example output
[oracle@oel7 response]$ netca -silent \
-responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
Check LISTENER status
[oracle@oel7 response]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 07-OCT-2016 16:40:41 Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=oel7.dbaora.com)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production Start Date 07-OCT-2016 16:35:22 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 5 min. 18 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /ora01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oel7/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel7)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully
Configure database
The last setup is to create new container database ORA12C.dbaora.com with one pluggable database PORA12C1 and configure and enable oracle db express
Prepare directories for database datafiles and flash recovery area
mkdir /ora01/app/oracle/oradata mkdir /ora01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
backup original response file for dbca
cd /home/oracle/database/response cp dbca.rsp dbca.rsp.bck vi dbca.rsp
set own parameters
-------------------------------------------- -- global database name -------------------------------------------- GDBNAME = "ORA12C.dbaora.com" -------------------------------------------- -- instance database name -------------------------------------------- SID = "ORA12C" CREATEASCONTAINERDATABASE = true NUMBEROFPDBS = 1 PDBNAME = PORA12C1 PDBADMINPASSWORD = "oracle" -------------------------------------------- -- template name used to create database -------------------------------------------- TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" -------------------------------------------- -- password for user sys -------------------------------------------- SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" -------------------------------------------- -- password for user system -------------------------------------------- SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" -------------------------------------------- -- configure dbexpress with port 5500 -------------------------------------------- EMCONFIGURATION = "DBEXPRESS" EMEXPRESSPORT = "5500" -------------------------------------------- -- password for dbsnmp user -------------------------------------------- DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle" -------------------------------------------- -- default directory for oracle database datafiles -------------------------------------------- DATAFILEDESTINATION = /ora01/app/oracle/oradata -------------------------------------------- -- default directory for flashback data -------------------------------------------- RECOVERYAREADESTINATION = /ora01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -------------------------------------------- -- storage used for database installation -- FS - OS filesystem -------------------------------------------- STORAGETYPE = FS -------------------------------------------- -- database character set -------------------------------------------- CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" -------------------------------------------- -- national database character set -------------------------------------------- NATIONALCHARACTERSET = "AL16UTF16" -------------------------------------------- -- listener name to register database to -------------------------------------------- LISTENERS = "LISTENER" -------------------------------------------- -- force to install sample schemas on the database -------------------------------------------- SAMPLESCHEMA=TRUE -------------------------------------------- --specify database type --has influence on some instance parameters -------------------------------------------- DATABASETYPE = "OLTP" -------------------------------------------- -- force to use autmatic mamory management -------------------------------------------- AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "TRUE" -------------------------------------------- -- defines size of memory used by the database -------------------------------------------- TOTALMEMORY = "1024"
run database installation.
NOTE: I had a problem to start it on standard VBox machine. DBCA was hanging even if started manually only splash screen was seen.
Solution is to:
- Open VirtualBox Manager
- Shutdown the machine in question
- Select the machine in question
- Click Machine > Settings
- Click System
- Click Acceleration Tab
- Change Paravirtualization Interface from Default to Legacy
- Click OK
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
Example output
[oracle@oel7 ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/install/database/response/dbca.rsp Copying database files 1% complete 2% complete 27% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 29% complete 32% complete 33% complete 34% complete 38% complete 42% complete 43% complete 45% complete Completing Database Creation 48% complete 51% complete 53% complete 62% complete 64% complete 72% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 78% complete 100% complete Look at the log file "/ora01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORA12C/ORA12C.log" for further details.
Verify connection
[oracle@oel7 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Fri Oct 7 17:41:35 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show parameter db_name NAME TYPE VALUE --------- ----------- ---------- db_name string ORA12C SQL> alter session set container=PORA12C1; Session altered. SQL> show con_id CON_ID ------------------------------ 3 SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ PORA12C1
Check port status of db express
SQL> select DBMS_XDB_CONFIG.GETHTTPSPORT
from dual;
GETHTTPSPORT
------------
5500
Edit the “/etc/oratab” file to set restart flag for ORA12C to ‘Y’.
ORA12C:/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1:Y
Have a fun 
